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Adeza;pratyayayoH

आदेशॱप्रत्यययोः ONPANINI 83059

(Replace the initial s ) of affixes and Sa-roots (with S after k r /ic, unless that s is padafinal).

(The /Satvam rules are several rules, including this one, that change s into S .)

Examples with Sa-roots:

Siv + /liT /tip
→ Siv + /Nal
→ siv + /Nal by dhAtvAdeSSass...
→ si + siv + /Nal by liTidhAtor...
→ si + Siv + /Nal by this rule
→ !**siSeva "sewed"

Svap + /liT /tip
→ sva + svap + /Nal
→ su + svap + /Nal, with /samprasAraNa by liTyabhyAsasy...
→ !**suSvApa "slept"

Examples with affix /sup' —

**guru- + /sup' → **guruSu "about teachers"

!**agniSu

!**vAyuSu

!**kartRSu

Example with affix /sip —

**zRNu- + /laT /sip → !**zRNoSi "you' hear"

See also lots of Satvam examples.

Why "non-padafinal"?

The affixes /su and /s''' consist of a single s that is at /pada - end. These two are unaffected by the /Satvam changes —

**guru- + /su → **gurus

Why do we have S replacement where s is neither at the start of an affix nor part of a Sa-root? As in —

**barhis- n + /TA → !**barhiSA "with holy grass"

**dhanus- n + /zi → !**dhanUMSi "bows"

**cakSus- n + /TA → !**cakSuSA

**barhis- n + /zi → !**barhIMSi

I don't know why that happens. Sorry.

Maybe I mistranslated the rule, and the word pratyaye inside AdezapratyayayoH actually means "the s of an affix, and the s that is before an affix". Or maybe some other rule is doing that.

Okay, suppose this rule applies before affixes. **dhanus- has a padafinal s before affix /sup', how can then this rule make **dhanuSSu ?

This rule does not make that S . See **dhanuSSu .