@active participle

An active participle is a nounbase that shows the doer and is formed by adding /zatR /ktavatu or /zAnac after a root —

pac पच् + /zatR → pacat- पचत् "who is cooking for others"
pac पच् + /zAnac → pacamAna- पचमानॱ "who is cooking for themself"
pac पच् + /ktavatu → pakvavat- पक्ववत् "was cooking"

The inria reader shows that it has found a /zatR word by showing the letters ac. ppr. The /zAnac words show as md. ppr. if they show the doer and as ps. ppr otherwise. Test inria with these —

pacan ← nom. sg. m pacat ppr. 1 ac. pac

pacamAnaH ← nom. sg. m pacamAna ppr. 1 md. pac

pacyamAnaH ← nom. sg. m pacyamAna ppr. ps. pac

pacyate ← pr. ps. sg. 3 pac

pakvavAn ← nom. sg. m pakvavat ppa. pac

pakva ← nom. sg. m pakva pp. pac

hole explain more about the abbreviations used by inria