deriv SD cv (502) ashtadhyayi.com hei.de L 502 ETT STT a 3.1.32 ALPH OLDHOMEPAGE NEWHOMEPAGE

san-Ady-antA dhAtavaH

सनाद्यन्ता धातवः ONPANINI 31032

(/sanAdi)-enders are roots.

The /sanAdi (AKA /san-class affixes) are these twelve —

/san /kyac /kAmyac
vayac वयच् /kyaG kyaS क्यष्
/NiG /Nic /yaG
/yak /Aya /IyaG

They have been described from 31007 dhAtoHkarmaN... down to 31032 this rule.

This sUtra says that what we get when te add one of these affixes after a root is another root.

Example. Joining the root pac पच् "cook" with the /sanAdi affix /Ni we get **pAci पाचि, which is a /sanAdi-ender and means "make someone else cook". This rule then teaches us —

pAci पाचि is a root

The roots so built are "derivative roots".

More derivative roots —

yudh युध् "fight" + /san → !**yuyuts युयुत्स् "want to fight"

nI नी + /san → !**ninIS निनीष् "want to lead"

nI नी + /Ni → **nAyi नायि "make someone lead"

nI नी + /yaG → !**nenIya नेनीय "do lots of leading"

What does it matter if these are called roots, stems or leaves?

Being called "roots" allows them to get tenses and make verbs —

**pAci पाचि + /laT /tip → **pAcayati पाचयति "he makes (him) cook"

**ninIS निनीष् + /laT /tip
→ ninIS निनीष् + /zap + /tip
→ ninISati निनीषति "he wants to lead"

**nAyi नायि + /laT /tip
→ nAyi नायि + /zap + /tip by kartarizap
→ nAyaya- नाययॱ + /tip by gbH and ecoyavAyAvaH
→ !**nAyayati नाययति "he makes someone lead"

**nenIya नेनीय + /laT /ta
→ nenIya नेनीय + /te'''
→ !**nenIyate नेनीयते "he leads a lot" / "he leads strongly"

and you can also add /kRt affixes after them to make nouns —

**yuyuts युयुत्स् (root) + /u' (/kRt affix) → **yuyutsu- युयुत्सुॱ (nounbase) "that wants to fight"

What verb class do these roots belong to?

They belong to no class because they are not listed in the /dhAtupATha. Therefore kartarizap adds /zap after them.