chunk 63: DEFINITIONS -------------------------------------------------- chunk 63: DEFINITIONS --------------------------------------------------
True r is the wordfinal
words with true r
Meaning of
About the postpositions
rootnouns are rootlike nouns.
ending means
Wordfinal is what is at the end a word.
^ 
There are two kinds of wordfinal
the ru, that carry label u, used to be
and the rest, that don't carry label
I call the wordfinal
A ru always comes from rules such as sasaju, ahan, nazchavyaprazAn, that replaced
The words with true r had
The words that end in
^ 
Words that end in true r are few. These are some of the most common --
(and also
There are also a handful of nounbases that end in
( Most of those are rootnouns, and that's why rvoru will work on them. )
This nounbasefinal
Some sentences with true r-enders --
I'm confused now. Why is it important to know that the
A ru would have been caught by kharava and vAzari, making
^ There are three groups of roots --
seT roots make ArdhadhAtukasyeDvalAdeH work.
aniT roots don't.
veT roots optionally do.
How do I know which root is in which class?
Roots that have more than one vowel are all seT. For the one-vowellers, the rule of thumb is --
" Most
This rule sorts out correctly most of the roots (for instance bhU car are seT, dA
You might learn the exceptions in advance, but I advise against that, as I don't think you'll ever have to pass a test that checks if you memorized the exception roots. But if you want to disregard my advice, you may find lists of the exception roots in Kale's grammar.
^ When Sanskrit grammarians say that a change made by one rule is asiddha ("as if it had not happened") to another rule, this means that the other rule does not notice the change has happened.
Example.
According to rule atobhisa::ais, bhis turns into
According to rule nalopaHprAtipadikAntasya,
And rule cantgoback teaches,literally, that the changes made by nalopaHprAtipadikAntasya are " asiddha" to atobhisa::ais.
This means that when the
^ 
The postpositions are certain unchanging words that link to a noun, that always takes the same case.
Examples --
The postposition
The postposition prati means "towards" and is used with a noun that means the place towards which motion happens. That noun always carries second --
This postposition prati is not the same thing as the preverb prati --
I read in Wikipedia on Preposition and postposition that prepositions go before the noun they link to, and postpositions go afterward. Is that true in Sanskrit too?
No. I call them postpositions because, in prose, they often appear after the noun. But in fact there is no grammar rule about that, and you may use them anywhere. Before what they link to --
or even in the middle --
The exception to that is the
^ The prAdi are --
They are words, and also unchanging.
(see also eGipararUpam).
Most of the prAdi are used often as preverbs, and seldom as postpositions.
For instance, anu means "after" in thesens4e of following.
Use as preverb --
Use as postposition --
The use as postposition is uncommon in the epics, but very common in the veda.
See also list of preverbs.
^ 
A rootnoun is a nounbase that looks like a root. Examples --
Most of those can be used only as a latter --
pra +
These
As for instance, adding the kRt affix kvip to the roots
How did the roots
See hrasvasyapitikRtituk.
Are all the letters of kvip kvin labels?
No. The
Why did
Some say,
Maybe "zero-affix" is an misnomer, as the zero had not been invented back then.
It hadn't, but the guy that invented the zero had studied
^ When I say ending, I mean either
-- a sup ( noun ending) from list svaujas
or
-- a tiG ( verb ending) from list tiptas
The noun endings are added to nounbases, and the verb endings are added to roots.
Are you saying that the ending of
No, I am saying that the ending of
The
May I say that the ending of
Sure. What replaces an ending is an ending too. Rule sthAnivad says so.
^ example 1:
therefore the second
therefore rule sasaju applies to the second
and does not apply to the first
example 2:
so the last
So rule atoguNe won't work on
example 3:
the manas- part of
so the first
so sasaju aplies to it, making a wordfinal ru,
which is turned into
which is then caught by visarjanIyasyasaH, making
chunk 63: DEFINITIONS --------------------------------------------------